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Answers about:  

_   Lightning
_ Clouds

Top 10 questions  

1

 Cause of  lightning

2

 Where lightning hits

3

 Hurricane spin

4

 How hot is lightning

5

 Jupiter's surface

6

 How rainbows form

7

 Ball lightning

8

 Hurricane energy

9

 Lightning hits a tornado
10  Orange night skies

Current Column:  A saintly light

st elmo's fire

Why would a lightning-struck tree glow after being hit? It is not on fire and does not give off heat, but glows. 

It was a dark and stormy night.  Chris emails he was walking in the woods  "a little after a thunderstorm" when he noticed the tree.  The tree, shattered by an earlier lightning stroke, stabbed the night like a broken pike.  An eerie glow extended ... Click to continue

Air thins on high

Ultra long duration balloon flies where the air is thin — above 99 % of Earth’s atmosphere. [NASA]Ultra long duration balloon flies where the air is thin — above 99 % of Earth’s atmosphere. Photo courtesy of NASA.

Q: Why does the air get thinner at high altitude? Katie, Oregon, Wisconsin

A: Air seems nebulous but is massive. Earth’s gravity pulls air molecules down, squeezing them together.

Air languishing at Earth’s surface has 200 miles of atmosphere piled above and a weight of 14.7 pounds (6.67 kg) on each square inch (6 square centimeters). At 18,000 feet high, the weight above halves and the air is twice as thin.  That's why the air gets thinner at higher altitude:  less mass above squeezes it less, so the air is less dense.

(Answered Feb. 6, 2004; updated Sep. 22, 2007)

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Readers' comments.  Join the discussion.

  • Silly question, I know... but when my 11 year old brother asked me this I literally babbled.   So why air is gradually less denser upward ?  Thanks for the answer!  Sarah, Indonesia
     

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